0.06. Taqwa (Fear of God and God-Consciousness)

٠.٠٦۔ باب التقوى

Allah ﷻ says, "O you who have believed, fear Allah as He should be feared" (Āl ʿImrān 3:102).

And, "So fear Allah as much as you are able " (Thaghābun 64:16) and this clear āyah is the intention of the first one.

And Allah ﷻ says, "O you who have believed, fear Allah and speak words of appropriate justice." (Aḥzāb 33:70), and the āyāt regarding taqwá are well-known and numerous.

And Allah ﷻ says, "And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out; And will provide for him from where he does not expect." (Ṭalāq 65:2–3),

and says, "If you fear Allah, He will grant you a criterion and will remove from you your misdeeds and forgive you. And Allah is the possessor of great bounty." (Anfāl 8:29). The āyāt on this topic are numerous and well-known.

قَالَ الله تَعَالَى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ﴾ [آل عمران: ١٠٢]،

وَقالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَاتَّقُوا الله مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ﴾ [التغابن: ١٦]. وهذه الآية مبينة للمراد مِنَ الأُولى.

وَقالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَقُولُوا قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ٧٠]، وَالآيات في الأمر بالتقوى كثيرةٌ معلومةٌ،

وَقالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ يَحْتَسِبُ﴾ [الطلاق: ٢ - ٣]،

وَقالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿إِنْ تَتَّقُوا اللهَ يَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ فُرْقَانًا وَيُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَاللهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ﴾ [الأنفال:٢٩] والآيات في البابِ كثيرةٌ معلومةٌ.

The most honorable people are the ones who are most God-conscious and God-fearing

(69) bukhari:3353ʿAlī b. ʿAbdullāh > Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd > ʿUbaydullāh > Saʿīd b. Abī Saʿīd > abīhi > Abī Hurayrah

It was said, "O Messenger of Allah, who is the most honorable of people?" He said, "The most God-fearing of them." They said, "That is not what we are asking you about." He said, "Then Yusuf, the Prophet of Allah ﷻ, son of the Prophet of Allah ﷻ, son of the Prophet of Allah ﷻ, son of the intimate friend of Allah ﷻ." They said, "That is not what we are asking you about." He said, "Then you are asking about the lineages of the Arabs. The best of them in the Age of Ignorance are the best of them in Islam, if they gain understanding."

Abu Usamah and Mu'tamir said, from Ubayd Allah, from Sa'id, from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ.

(٦٩) البخاري:٣٣٥٣حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ

قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَنْ أَكْرَمُ النَّاسِ؟ قَالَ: «أَتْقَاهُمْ». فَقَالُوا: لَيْسَ عَنْ هَذَا نَسْأَلُكَ. قَالَ: «فَيُوسُفُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ابْنُ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ابْنِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ابْنِ خَلِيلِ اللَّهِ». قَالُوا: لَيْسَ عَنْ هَذَا نَسْأَلُكَ. قَالَ: «فَعَنْ مَعَادِنِ الْعَرَبِ تَسْأَلُونَ، خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ إِذَا فَقُهُوا».

قَالَ أَبُو أُسَامَةَ وَمُعْتَمِرٌ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ

Protect yourself from the trial of allurement of women

(70) muslim:2742Muḥammad b. al-Muthannā > Muḥammad b. Bashshār > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > Shuʿbah > Abū Maslamah > Abū Naḍrah > Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī

from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: "The world is sweet and green, and Allah ﷻ is making you successors in it, so He sees how you act. So beware of the world, and beware of women, for the first trial of the Children of Israel was through women."

And in the hadith transmitted on the authority of Ibn Bashshar the words are:" So that He should see how you act."

(٧٠) مسلم:٢٧٤٢حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْلَمَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا نَضْرَةَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الدُّنْيَا حُلْوَةٌ خَضِرَةٌ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ مُسْتَخْلِفُكُمْ فِيهَا، فَيَنْظُرُ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ. فَاتَّقُوا الدُّنْيَا، وَاتَّقُوا النِّسَاءَ؛ فَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ فِتْنَةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَتْ فِي النِّسَاءِ.»

وَفِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ بَشَّارٍ لِيَنْظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ

Dua for piety, taqwa, chastity, and sufficiency

(71) muslim:2721aMuḥammad b. al-Muthannā > Muḥammad b. Bashshār > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > Shuʿbah > Abū Isḥāq > Abū al-Aḥwaṣ > ʿAbdullāh

from the Prophet ﷺ, that he used to say: "O Allah, I ask You for guidance, piety, chastity, and sufficiency."

(٧١) مسلم:٢٧٢١aحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الْهُدَى وَالتُّقَى وَالْعَفَافَ وَالْغِنَى».

Chose to do what is more righteous even after an oath

(72) muslim:1651aQutaybah b. Saʿīd > Jarīr > ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Rufayʿ > Tamīm b. Ṭarafah

A beggar came to Adi b. Hatim and asked him for financial help toward the price of a servant, or part of the price of a servant. He said, "I have nothing to give you except my coat of mail and my helmet, but I will write to my family to give them to you." He said: But he was not satisfied, so Adi became angry and said, "By Allah, I will not give you anything." Then the man became satisfied, and he said, "By Allah, had I not heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever swears an oath, then sees something more God-fearing toward Allah than it, let him do what is more God-fearing," I would not have broken my oath."

(٧٢) مسلم:١٦٥١aحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ تَمِيمِ بْنِ طَرَفَةَ، قَالَ

جَاءَ سَائِلٌ إِلَى عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، فَسَأَلَهُ نَفَقَةً فِي ثَمَنِ خَادِمٍ أَوْ فِي بَعْضِ ثَمَنِ خَادِمٍ. فَقَالَ: لَيْسَ عِنْدِي مَا أُعْطِيكَ إِلَّا دِرْعِي وَمِغْفَرِي، فَأَكْتُبُ إِلَى أَهْلِي أَنْ يُعْطُوكَهَا. قَالَ: فَلَمْ يَرْضَ، فَغَضِبَ عَدِيٌّ فَقَالَ: أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَا أُعْطِيكَ شَيْئًا. ثُمَّ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ رَضِيَ، فَقَالَ: أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ ثُمَّ رَأَى أَتْقَى لِلَّهِ مِنْهَا، فَلْيَأْتِ التَّقْوَى»، مَا حَنَّثْتُ يَمِينِي.

This Prophet's council on the path to Jannah starts with Taqwá

(73) tirmidhi:616Mūsá b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Kindī al-Kūfī > Zayd b. al-Ḥubāb > Muʿāwiyah b. Ṣāliḥ > Sulaym b. ʿĀmir > Abū Umāmah

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ delivering a khutbah during the Farewell Hajj, and he said: "Be mindful of Allah, your Lord, pray your five prayers, fast your month, give the zakah of your wealth, and obey those in authority over you; you will enter the Paradise of your Lord."

He said: "I said to Abu Umamah: 'How old were you when you heard this Hadith (from the Messenger of Allah)?' He said: 'I heard it when I was thirty years old.'" Abū ʿĪsá said that this Ḥadīth is Ḥasan-Ṣaḥīḥ.

(٧٣) الترمذي:٦١٦حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْكِنْدِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا أُمَامَةَ يَقُولُ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ، فَقَالَ: «اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ، وَصَلُّوا خَمْسَكُمْ، وَصُومُوا شَهْرَكُمْ، وَأَدُّوا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِكُمْ، وَأَطِيعُوا ذَا أَمْرِكُمْ، تَدْخُلُوا جَنَّةَ رَبِّكُمْ».

قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لأَبِي أُمَامَةَ مُنْذُ كَمْ سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ وَأَنَا ابْنُ ثَلاَثِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ